Trader’s Narrative

The Coppock Guide. Just a while ago no one knew it even existed. I’m willing to bet even if you mentioned it in a room full of TA buffs, you would get quizzical looks all around.

But now suddenly it is the belle of the ball! Everyone is talking about it. There is a buzz in the blogs, Bloomberg, MarketWatch (WSJ) have stories on it and even CNBC’s Fast Money, which normally has the attention span of a fruit fly gives it a mention (see below for video). To be honest this is exactly what I was afraid of when I first hesitatingly brought it to your attention in Conditions of a Bull Market. I’d rather it remain the esoteric indicator it used to be (hopefully everyone will forget all about it).

The question remains: is it useful?

I tend to think so but some disagree.

Mark Hulbert looks back all the way to 1896 and calculates the success of Coppock Guide signals on the Dow (see article). His conclusion is that the returns are not indicative of an edge.

However, what Hulbert doesn’t point out is that although the Coppock Guide for the Dow Jones Industrial may be a poor indicator, that doesn’t mean that it is for other, more respectable indexes like the S&P 500. What Hulbert does point out in a subsequent article is that even for the Dow Coppock numbers, the two false signals in the 1930’s skew the results and if we look at more recent data, the indicator does have an edge. So the question is how relevant is the 1930’s to the current market?

Guy’s analysis at the Technial Take also falls into the same trap as Hulbert by looking at the Dow Jones Industrial. I don’t want to rehash why the Dow is inferior to the S&P 500 (price weighted vs. capitalization weighing and small sample size of 30 vs. 500). The only time I give the Dow more respect is in the Dow Theory analysis of the market.

On the other side, there are those that see the Coppock Curve as a valuable guide:

James Stack of InvesTech is one of them. Formerly an engineer by training (who worked for IBM) Stack’s whole approach is a blend of quantifiable edges (whether technical or fundamental) and sentiment analysis. But he doesn’t rely on the Coppock exclusively.

Another is Steve Leuthold of Leuthold Weeden Capital Management. He calculates a similar indicator that he calls the VLT Momentum (”very long term”). I consider Leuthold as one of the ‘grey beards’ who get my respect for their successful navigation of the market over decades. Recently Leuthold has turned even more bullish (after nailing the March low).

Next is Jason Goepfert of SentimenTrader. Recently Jason did a complete analysis of the Coppock signals (using the S&P 500) and showed that it has a definitive edge, especially on a risk adjusted basis. To see the data get a 14 day free trial and take a look.

In the end, the headline is rhetorical because I’m not really going to defend this or any other indicator.

First of all, it is just that, an indicator, with all the inherent flaws and limitations. I don’t expect anyone to exclusively trade off it. In fact I think that would be nuts.

Second, one has to just look at the data. How you want to take advantage of the Coppock Curve, if at all, is really up to you. Above you’ll find enough information to make up your own mind. But treat it as a starting place and do your own research. Then drop me a note - whether positive or negative.

Finally, the Coppock Curve is just one of the conditions for a new bull market - I’ll cover the others soon. I pay much more attention to the weight of indicators, rather than just any one in particular, no matter how impressive its historical performance may be.

Here’s an incredibly shallow analysis of the Coppock Guide (what else did you expect from CNBC?):

“I, for one, welcome our new bull market overlords.”

Is this just a really deceptive bear market rally or is it the real thing? While the debate still rages, the market keeps going and going and going… like the Duracell battery rabbit.

A reliable but somewhat esoteric long term indicator is ready to pronounce the birth of a brand new bull market. Just as long as the stock market can hang on to most of its gains by the month’s end.

If you’re not familiar with the Coppock Curve I introduced it last summer as one of the pre-requisite conditions for a new bull market. Click the previous link to learn more. The other conditions (recession, a 20%+ decline, easy monetary policy, etc.) have all been fulfilled. The stage is now set for the last piece of the puzzle.

In January I wrote a Coppock Guide forecast:

In that hypothetical scenario, the Coppock curve would turn up by the end of February 2009 by the minimum. And in March, it would turn up significantly.

I wasn’t trying to predict what the indicator would say and when so much as to show that we would need to see one hell of a rally for it to register a change of direction in the Coppock Curve. And did we ever! From the March bottom the S&P 500 rocketed up 36%. That not only surprised almost everyone, it was finally enough to force the Coppock Guide to curl up:

S&P 500 Index
Probably the most important of all the indices, the Coppock Curve for the S&P 500 Index is about to give us a new signal to indicate a new bull market. But before it can do that, the S&P 500 will have to close at or above 874 at the end of the month. That is a fairly small buffer area of 3.35%. If it can manage that, then we’ll see something like the zoomed in chart shown above.

As the 2002 false signal shows, while this lagging indicator has a fantastic track record, it is far from perfect.

Of importance is not just that we are about to see a respite in the continuous drop in the Coppock Guide but that this upturn (when it comes) will be from an extremely deep level. As you can see from the chart, we haven’t been here for a long, long time. According to the Coppock Guide, a new bull will be proportional to the bear market that preceded it. So a recovery launched from such an extremely negative level means that the new bull market will be powerful and long lasting.

Nasdaq Composite
The Coppock Guide for the Nasdaq Composite already gave us a signal at the end of April 2009. But I hold it with suspicion since in the past the indicator has not been too trustworthy. For example, going back to the last time we transitioned from a bear market to a new bull market, the Nasdaq Coppock Guide was off by a lot. It first turned up in December 2001. But that was a false signal. Then there was another signal in August 2002 and December 2002. Both were again false.

Finally, it curled up yet again in late March 2003, just as the nascent bull market was sprouting its horns. So you can understand my reticence in rushing to accept the Coppock signals from the Nasdaq index. The good news is that because the Nasdaq Coppock Curve has already turned up, it needs to do much less to prove itself and confirm the signal. In fact, we could see the Nasdaq Composite fall 7.7% to 1587 by the end of the month and it would still be enough to keep the Coppock Guide headed upwards.

Dow Jones Industrial Average
The Dow Jones Industrial Coppock Curve is also ready to curl up after topping in October 2007. If it can manage to close at or above 8210 by the end of this month (about 2% from here) a valid signal would be given.

Caveats Galore
So while, “I, for one, welcome our new bull market overlords.” we’ll have to wait at least until the end of the month to get a definitive signal from this trusty indicator. And as a final caveat, while the Coppock Guide has an enviable track record, like anything else, it isn’t foolproof.

Since the last time we looked at the Coppock Guide indicator, a few readers have been asking me about updates for it. So here it is:

Since this indicator needs monthly data, with the end of December 2008, we have another data point. The latest Coppock level is -286 which is even more extreme than the last. And it is only second to levels which we last saw in the brutal bear market of the 1970’s:

But what does that mean? Well, first, the extremely negative level means that when the signal arrives, it will be powerful. And since the Coppock Guide foretells bull markets by curling up, we are watching for an increase - even if it as small as +1. Although we’d prefer a more decisive signal, of course.

To give you an idea of how the Coppock guide responds to the market, let’s propose that for the next few months we see the following S&P 500 levels:

• November 2008 — 896.24 (actual)
• December 2008 — 903.25 (actual)
• January 2009 — 1000 (hypothetical)
• February 2009 — 1100 (hypothetical)
• March 2009 — 1200 (hypothetical)
• April 2009 — 1300 (hypothetical)

In other words, the S&P 500 goes up by 100 points each month for the next 4 months. In that hypothetical scenario, the Coppock curve would turn up by the end of February 2009 by the minimum. And in March, it would turn up significantly (+20).

You can see this on the chart at the extreme right - light blue.

Put another way, if by the end of this month the S&P 500 by some miraculous device ends at 1128, it will be enough to cause the Coppock curve to turn up the minimum +1 for a signal. That would be an astronomical 25% rise in one month. Crazy, I know, but that’s how much it would take in a short time to move the Coppock guide to a signal.

So that gives you an idea of how slow this indicator works. On the one hand it lags the market significantly but on the other hand, its signals have been very accurate historically.

Of course, this is assuming that the market doesn’t fall or tread water but rise. And it assumes that the signal given as a result is not a false one.

A little known but important technical indicator which many consider to be a vital prerequisite for the birth of a bull market is still mired in negative territory.

This summer, the Coppock curve fell below zero and since then, I’ve been watching this indicator for the eventual upturn. Here’s a quick update with more background information on this indicator.

Right now we are at -243, which is almost at the same level at which the market turned around in March 2003 (corresponding Coppock guide level at that time was -246).

The deepest level we’ve seen this indicator fall was in 1932, when it plumbed -643 for the S&P 500 index. That shouldn’t be that surprising when you consider that it was the most brutal bear market for US stocks.

While I haven’t measured this pattern, it is observable that, often, the more negative the Coppock Guide is when it finally turns up, the longer and stronger the bull market that follows it.

If the market continues to rise, the Coppock curve will eventually turn up from this deeply negative level. Depending on how fast the market rises, it will take at least 2-3 months or more for that to happen.

That’s assuming that the eventual signal is a valid one.

False Signals
No technical indicator is foolproof. Including the Coppock Guide. As it is based on monthly data, it moves so slowly, but in its history there have been a few whipsaws:

• 1941
• 1947
• 2001

Interesting Facts

• Coppock curve first published in Barron’s in 1962
• Edwin Coppock was an economist from Texas
• originally called “long-term buying guide”
• Coppock was asked by Episcopal Church to find long term opportunities
• saw bear markets as “bereavements” requiring mourning before recovery
• based formula on length of time people need to recov: 11 to 14 months
• a daily Coppock curve can be calculated as well