Trader’s Narrative

Today the Bank of Canada decided to maintain their historically low interest rates at 0.25% but they did sound cautiously optimistic:

Recent indicators point to the start of a global recovery from a deep, synchronous recession. Global economic and financial developments have been somewhat more favourable than expected at the time of the July Monetary Policy Report (MPR), although significant fragilities remain.

A recovery in economic activity is also under way in Canada. This resumption of growth is supported by monetary and fiscal stimulus, increased household wealth, improving financial conditions, higher commodity prices, and stronger business and consumer confidence. However, heightened volatility and persistent strength in the Canadian dollar are working to slow growth and subdue inflation pressures. The current strength in the dollar is expected, over time, to more than fully offset the favourable developments since July.

Source: Bank of Canada

Unlike Australia, who has already started ended their easing cycle, they believe that inflation is not a danger and won’t be for the foreseeable future. Not only is it being kept in check by the frail economic recovery, the annoyingly strong Canadian dollar promises to keep a lid on it, if it does creep up.

Add to that the intoxicating cocktail of a commodity based economy, a strong real estate market (see below), strong fiscal discipline, and a famed (and quite boring) political stability that rivals Switzerland and you have the makings of a love affair:

One of the main reasons for our resilience has been the health of our real estate markets. I must confess that I was surprised to see the subdued reaction of the Canadian real estate market to the crash of its US counter part. After all, the two economies are intertwined like no other two countries in the world. However, for all our inter-dependence, there are significant differences. Canadian bankers never quite got the hang of laughing in the face of infinite risk or perhaps our regulators have yet to be so completely and embarrassingly captured as they are in the US.

Whatever the root cause, the Canadian real estate market has bounced back after a very late and shallow decline. As well, while our mortgages do default, the rate is extremely low and has barely experienced an uptick worthy of note:

Source: Globe & Mail

Canadian REITs gave long term investors quite a scare late last year as they were dumped along with everything else. However, while their price may have declined, their value continued to be very attractive. When I featured RioCan (REI.un) in November 2008 it was trading at $13 Cdn and yielding 10% - since then it has risen to $18 Cdn - and that’s not even considering all those juicy monthly distributions.

Meanwhile, Canadian equities have risen 27.3% in 2009 and slightly over 50% since their spring lows. But here’s the curious thing. While most major stock markets around the world have recovered from their shallow retracement in late September and gone on to newer highs for the year, the Canadian S&P/TSX index has not. That non-confirmation is slightly unnerving, especially when you consider just how much the Canadian equity markets have going for them.

Just a few months ago we may have still been engaged in the economic debate of whether inflationary or deflationary forces would win out. On the one hand you had the credit collapse on a global scale which sucked the wind out of the economy and on the other hand you had the immediate and collective response of the Western world to inject mind-boggling amounts of money through monetary and fiscal stimuli.

But today the debate is over. In spite of the inflationary forces unleashed to fight it, deflation has cleary won. We are seeing this anecdotally on the ground as well as trickles of econometric data coming in from North America, Europe and even China.

The US economy is akin to a patient barely clinging to life in a critical care unit (insert US health care joke here). If the Federal Reserve is imprudent enough to raise interest rates from basically zero, it is not difficult to guess what might happen. Needless to say, they are not that stupid.

Even so, the Fed is pushing against a string at this point. They are basically observers like the rest of us, helplessly watching the largest decline in consumer prices in 50 years:

The chart below shows the real interest rate (interest rate minus inflation), rather than the nominal rate, its much more famous cousin:
Continue reading ‘The Necessary Consequence Of Deflation’

Last week we reviewed the white hot Chinese stock market with a cautionary note. I wanted to return to it briefly because the situation is serious and deserving of much more attention.

Putting aside price charts of the Chinese equity market for now and turning to monetary measures, we can see something rather alarming happening. China’s M2 has enjoyed a constant rate of acceleration as shown in the chart below (in semi log scale). But in late 2008 the rate of acceleration suddenly increased dramatically:

This was a consequence of the massive stimulus plan put into motion by the Chinese government. They pumped unprecedented amounts of liquidity into their economy to offset the world-wide economic slowdown. There would be nothing singularly alarming about that since all central banks around the world, as well as governments in charge of fiscal policy, have orchestrated a collective burst of activity.

What is alarming is that the Chinese economy, stock market and especially real estate market are just now displaying bubble-like characteristics. The government controlled banking sector is a mystery wrapped in an enigma. No one can begin to fathom the amount of non-performing loans on the books. Unlike the US which went through a gut wrenching cleansing - thanks to the largess of the lobby-less taxpayer, the financial sector is once again back in fighting shape (privatized profits, public losses). China has yet to address their toxic assets

As we briefly touched on before, since last year’s low the Shanghai market has now appreciated more than 100%. Once again the stock market has enthralled the average person in China with thoughts of wealth and the possibility of making more in a month than what they earn in a year at their regular job. Speculation in the market is seen as not only a legitimate way to make money but a very lucrative one with low barriers to entry.

A sure sign of a bubble is extreme turnover. Recently, the total Chinese stock market turnover (in one day) reached $63 billion. That’s more than the combined total turnover of $58 billion in London, New York and Tokyo for the same day!
Continue reading ‘China’s Bubble 2.0 Threatens Global Recovery’

Back in October of last year, I looked with awe on an economic tsunami that was about to hit us all and wondered if it would be deflation or inflation.

Today, the answer is much clearer. Despite the gargantuan amounts of money that the central banks have pumped into the world economy through their loose monetary policy and despite the equally unparalleled coordinated worldwide fiscal stimuli provided by government spending, the danger of deflation is very real.

Just take a look:

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Yet … here it is. Since the real estate top in 2005, deflation has festered its way into almost all asset classes, ravaging the portfolios of millions. If you’ve been spared from deflation’s mighty jaws, you surely know someone who hasn’t.

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According to the difference between 10 year nominal treasury bonds and TIPS (Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities) we were headed for a major, even catastrophic deflationary scenario. Although the jury is still officially ruminating, looking at the market price of copper, it seems that the massive monetary and fiscal measures taken by the US and other major countries around the world have removed much of the risk.

As one of the most important industrial commodities, copper has a Ph.D. in economics. Since it is freely traded in a market, its price is decided upon by the wisdom of the “invisible hand”. Copper can even predict recessions! Right now, it is offering the first glimmer of hope within a very dark and gloomy economic outlook:

The lower window pane in the above chart shows momentum or more specifically, the annual rate of change. When it drops below zero, the economy tends to sputter. Right now, copper momentum is still mired in the negative. And to bring it back to zero, copper futures have to, at least, recover to $325. Which is a very tall order.

Obviously we aren’t there yet, but the rapid ascent which started late last year has already taken the industrial metal +50% from its low. So we if it continues in the same torrid pace, we’ll get there in no time. But no market is that simple, nor direct. Copper futures have jolted higher so within a shorter term time span, it will need to work that out before continuing.

But if we are truly in the first stages of a recovery, then copper is the commodity to watch. If the worst is actually over, then the price trend in copper will be the first to know. Way ahead of, and with much more accuracy than, any talking head on TV.